Indian English—often playfully referred to as Hinglish—has steadily carved a niche for itself in global vocabulary. As English continues to evolve, its integration with local cultures has led to the inclusion of several Indian-origin words into one of the world’s most prestigious language resources: the Oxford English Dictionary (OED).
Reflecting the diversity and dynamism of India’s linguistic heritage, here are 10 Indianised English words that are now officially part of the Oxford Dictionary:
1. Chai
A household staple across India, chai refers to tea brewed with milk, sugar, and spices. It has now become a beloved beverage worldwide.
Oxford definition: “A type of Indian tea made by boiling tea leaves with milk, sugar, and spices.”
2. Jugaad
A uniquely Indian concept, jugaad means finding clever, low-cost solutions to problems using available resources.
Oxford definition: “A flexible approach to problem-solving that uses limited resources in an innovative way.”
3. Namaste
Rooted in Sanskrit, namaste is both a greeting and a respectful gesture, often used with folded hands.
Oxford definition: “A respectful greeting or farewell with the palms pressed together and fingers pointing upwards, used by Hindus and others in India and South Asia.”
4. Guru
Originally from Sanskrit, a guru is a revered teacher or guide—especially in spiritual or philosophical contexts.
Oxford definition: “A spiritual teacher or guide from India, often a Hindu or Sikh.”
5. Papadum
Known in India as papad, this crispy flatbread is a common accompaniment in Indian meals.
Oxford definition: “A thin, crisp Indian bread made from lentil flour and often served as an appetizer.”
6. Bapu
A Hindi term meaning father, Bapu is famously used to refer to Mahatma Gandhi.
Oxford definition: “A title of respect given in India to Mahatma Gandhi.”
7. Bhai
Used in both literal and informal contexts, bhai can mean brother or a close male friend.
Oxford definition: “A brother or a close male friend, especially in Indian English.”
8. Chutney
A sweet, tangy, or spicy condiment made with fruits, herbs, and spices—chutney is a staple in Indian cuisine.
Oxford definition: “A spicy condiment made from fruit, herbs, and spices.”
9. Natak
Used to describe theatrical performances or dramatic behavior, natak is deeply rooted in Indian cultural expressions.
Oxford definition: “A drama or play, especially one performed in India.”
10. Chaiwala
An iconic figure on Indian streets, a chaiwala is someone who sells tea, often from small stalls or carts.
Oxford definition: “A person who sells tea (and sometimes other drinks), typically on the street or from a small roadside establishment.”
